Redshank Bird Facts (Tringa totanus)

Visual Identification

Appearance

The Redshank is a medium-sized wader with distinctive bright orange-red legs. Its upperparts are greyish-brown, while the underparts are white with dark streaks. The long, straight bill is orange-red at the base and black at the tip. They have a faint stripe through each eye.

During the breeding season, Redshanks display more heavily spotted and barred plumage. Females appear similar to males, although they are larger, with paler underparts.

Juveniles resemble adults but have buff-edged feathers on the upperparts, giving them a scaly appearance.

Size

Length

27cm to 29cm

Wingspan

45cm to 52cm

Weight

85g to 155g

Colours

Males and females have similar plumage

Primary Colour

Brown Grey

Secondary Colour

White

Beak Colour

Orange Red Black

Leg Colour

Orange Red

Habitat and Distribution

Habitats

Woodland

The Redshank is not typically found in Woodland habitats.

Garden

The Redshank is not typically found in Garden habitats.

Wetland

The Redshank can be found in Wetland habitats.

Coastal

The Redshank can be found in Coastal habitats.

Urban

The Redshank is not typically found in Urban habitats.

Farmland

The Redshank is not typically found in Farmland habitats.

Grassland

The Redshank is not typically found in Grassland habitats.

Desert

The Redshank is not typically found in Desert habitats.

Tundra

The Redshank is not typically found in Tundra habitats.

Rainforest

The Redshank is not typically found in Rainforest habitats.

Mountain

The Redshank is not typically found in Mountain habitats.

Savanna

The Redshank is not typically found in Savanna habitats.

Distribution

Redshanks inhabit coastal mudflats, saltmarshes, and estuaries, as well as inland wetlands such as flooded grasslands and the edges of freshwater lakes. They breed across Europe and Asia, from Iceland to Siberia.

In winter, many birds migrate south to Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. In the UK, Redshanks are year-round residents, with numbers boosted by winter visitors from Iceland and northern Europe.

Elevation Range

Up to 1,000 meters

Climate zones

Temperate, Subarctic, Subtropical

Distribution Map

This map gives you a rough idea of where you might spot a Redshank. The coloured areas show countries where these birds have been seen.

A few things to keep in mind:

Birds might not be everywhere in the coloured areas, for example, they may be present around the coast of that country
Where birds live can change with seasons and available food
This map is quite simple - it doesn't show exact locations

We're working on making our maps even better! Soon, we hope to show you:

More detailed maps for bigger countries, including state and region
How birds move around during different seasons

Resident

Breeding

Non-breeding

Passage

Vagrant

Distribution by Region

Species that can be found in the area throughout the year

Albania Algeria Angola Armenia Australia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belgium Botswana Brunei Bulgaria Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Côte D'Ivoire Croatia Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti East Timor (Timor-Leste) Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Faroe Islands Finland France Gabon Gambia Germany Ghana Greece Guinea Guinea-Bissau Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Ireland Israel Italy Japan Jordan Kenya Kuwait Laos Latvia Lebanon Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Macedonia Malawi Maldives Mali Malta Mauritania Moldova Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands Niger Nigeria North Korea Norway Oman Pakistan Palestine Papua New Guinea Poland Portugal Romania Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Somalia South Africa South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Sweden Syria Taiwan Tanzania The United Kingdom Togo Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates Vietnam Western Sahara Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe

Species that are present in the area during their breeding season

Austria Belarus Czech Republic Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Mongolia Russia Switzerland Tajikistan Uzbekistan

Species that are present in the area outside their breeding season

Cyprus Iraq Malaysia Micronesia Philippines Qatar South Sudan Thailand

Species that pass through the area during migration

Afghanistan China

Species that appear infrequently (rare) and unpredictably outside their normal range

Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Canada Christmas Island Congo Gibraltar Greenland Rwanda Seychelles Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands

Behaviour and Ecology

Bird Attributes

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Bird Attributes Explained

Our bird attributes system rates various aspects of a bird's capabilities on a scale of 0-100, based on data from field observations, scientific studies, and expert knowledge.

Attribute Categories:

Agility: Manoeuvrability, speed, and grace in flight or movement.
Strength: Physical power, often correlating with size and hunting abilities.
Adaptability: Ability to thrive in various environments or changing conditions.
Aggressiveness: Territorial behaviour and assertiveness, particularly during breeding seasons.
Endurance: Stamina, often seen in migration patterns or foraging behaviours.

Understanding the Ratings:

0-20: Very Low
21-40: Low
41-60: Average
61-80: High
81-100: Very High

Remember, these attributes are relative to other bird species and don't necessarily indicate superiority.

Hover over the icon next to each attribute for more information.

Tap the icon next to each attribute for more information.

Agility 85

Agility

Reflects the bird's manoeuvrability, speed, and grace in flight or movement.

The Redshank demonstrates high agility with its rapid wingbeats, quick head and body bobbing, and ability to wade through shallow water whilst foraging. Their nervous behaviour and swift reactions to potential threats further indicate impressive agility.

Strength 40

Strength

Indicates the bird's physical power, often correlating with size and hunting abilities.

As a medium-sized wader, the Redshank possesses moderate strength. Whilst capable of long-distance migration, they are not particularly powerful birds compared to larger species. Their ability to probe mud with their bills suggests some strength, but not exceptionally so.

Adaptability 75

Adaptability

Represents the bird's ability to thrive in various environments or changing conditions.

Redshanks show good adaptability, inhabiting various wetland environments from coastal mudflats to inland lakes. Their ability to swim and dive when necessary, and their reported tool use (dropping leaves to attract fish) demonstrate adaptable behaviour. However, their specific habitat requirements limit full marks.

Aggressiveness 60

Aggressiveness

Measures the bird's territorial behaviour and assertiveness, particularly during breeding seasons.

Redshanks exhibit moderate aggressiveness, particularly during breeding season. Their loud alarm calls and tendency to mob potential predators indicate a protective nature. However, they are not known for extreme aggression compared to some other bird species.

Endurance 70

Endurance

Reflects the bird's stamina, often seen in migration patterns or foraging behaviours.

The Redshank's endurance is evidenced by its partial migratory behaviour, with some populations undertaking long-distance flights. Their ability to wade for extended periods whilst foraging also suggests good endurance. However, they are not amongst the most extreme long-distance migrants, hence not receiving top marks.

Diet

Redshanks feed on a variety of small invertebrates, including worms, molluscs, and crustaceans. They use their long bills to probe mud and shallow water, often seen rapidly pecking at the surface, although they will take swimming prey like tadpoles and small fish when possible.

During the breeding season, they may also consume some plant material.

Behaviour

Redshanks are often seen wading in shallow water, probing the mud with their bills for food. They are known for their nervous behaviour, frequently bobbing their heads and bodies.

When alarmed, they emit loud calls and fly off with rapid wingbeats, showing a distinctive white wedge up their back and on their wings.

Vocalisation

Redshanks are vocal birds known for their loud, clear calls. Their alarm call is a distinctive 'teu-hu' or 'klee-u', often repeated rapidly when disturbed.

During the breeding season, males perform long display flights accompanied by a yodelling 'teu-teu-teu' song. In flight, they often give a sharp 'kip-kip-kip' call.

Nesting & Breeding

Redshanks begin breeding at one year old, forming monogamous pairs. The breeding season typically starts in April and extends through July in most of their range.

Nests are simple scrapes on the ground, often hidden in tussocks of grass or other vegetation. Females usually lay four eggs, which are pale green to buff with dark brown spots.

Both parents incubate the eggs for about 24 days. Chicks are precocial, leaving the nest soon after hatching. They fledge after 25-35 days but remain dependent on their parents for several more weeks.

Conservation and Status

Global Conservation Status

Least Concern ^[1]

While listed as Least Concern globally, Redshanks face threats from habitat loss due to coastal development and climate change.

Conservation efforts focus on protecting and managing wetland habitats, particularly in key breeding and wintering areas across Europe and Asia.

Population Data

Global Population Estimate

1,300,000 - 3,100,000 individuals ^[2]

Global Population Trend

^[3]

Trend data may be uncertain or fluctuating

Additional Information

Quick Facts

Other names:

Common Redshank

Family:

Scolopacidae

Average Lifespan

4 to 6 years

Max Lifespan

26.9 years ^[4]

Predators

Redshanks are preyed upon by various raptors, including Peregrine Falcons, Merlins, and Sparrowhawks. Ground predators such as foxes and rats may also take eggs and chicks.

Did You Know?

Redshanks have been known to use tools, dropping leaves on water to attract fish.
They can swim and dive when necessary, especially to escape predators.
The Redshank's scientific name, Tringa totanus, is derived from Ancient Greek and Latin words referring to a 'wader' and 'tottering' gait.

FAQs

Why are they called Redshank?

Redshanks get their delightfully descriptive common name from their bright orange legs. They share this feature with a similar but much rarer wader, the Spotted Redshank.

Do Redshanks swim?

Redshanks can swim, although their long legs and unwebbed feet are not ideal for moving through the water. Birdwatchers are far likelier to spot them walking along the bank or wading in the shallows.