Podiceps cristatus
Great Crested Grebe
The Great Crested Grebe is a striking waterbird with a slender neck and distinctive black double crest. Its back is brown, contrasting with a bright white front. The face features a black-and-white pattern, complemented by a reddish-orange ruff around the neck during breeding season.
Juveniles lack the crest and have striped heads. Both sexes look similar, with breeding plumage being more vibrant. In winter, the crest reduces, and the ruff becomes less prominent.
Length
46cm to 51cm
Wingspan
59cm to 73cm
Weight
750g to 1.45kg
Males and females have similar plumage
Primary Colour
Brown White
Secondary Colour
Black Rufous
Beak Colour
Pink Grey
Leg Colour
Green
Woodland
Garden
Wetland
Coastal
Urban
Farmland
Grassland
Desert
Tundra
Rainforest
Mountain
Savanna
Great Crested Grebes inhabit large, open freshwater bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, and slow-flowing rivers. They prefer waters with abundant aquatic vegetation for nesting. Their range spans across Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa.
In the UK, they are widespread residents, found year-round on suitable water bodies. During winter, some birds move to coastal areas. In North America, they are rare visitors to Alaska and western Canada.
Up to 3,000 meters
Temperate, Subtropical
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Great Crested Grebes primarily feed on fish, diving underwater to catch their prey. They also consume aquatic insects, molluscs, and crustaceans.
They will occasionally feed by submerging their heads, although as expert swimmers and divers, they will normally disappear completely below the surface and can remain thus for an average of up to 30 seconds.
These birds have been observed swallowing their own feathers, possibly to protect their digestive system from sharp fish bones.
Great Crested Grebes are excellent swimmers and divers, often seen gliding gracefully across water surfaces. They perform elaborate courtship displays, including the famous 'weed dance' where pairs rise out of the water chest-to-chest, shaking their heads. These birds are generally monogamous and territorial during breeding season.
Great Crested Grebes are generally quiet outside the breeding season. During courtship and nesting, they produce a variety of calls, including a loud, guttural 'gorrr' or 'korrr'. Pairs often duet with a series of 'rah-rah' calls. Alarm calls are sharp and resemble a dog's bark.
Breeding season for Great Crested Grebes typically begins in spring, with elaborate courtship displays preceding pair formation. These displays include head-shaking, weed-presenting, and the famous 'penguin dance'.
Nests are floating platforms of aquatic vegetation, usually anchored to reeds or submerged branches. Females lay 3-4 chalky blue eggs, which become stained brown over time.
Both parents incubate the eggs for about 27-29 days. The chicks are precocial, often seen riding on their parents' backs. They fledge after 71-79 days but may be fed by their parents for up to 10 weeks.
years
The Great Crested Grebe typically lives for 10 to 15 years.
Like all birds, lifespan can be affected by factors including predation, habitat quality, disease, and access to food sources.
While the Great Crested Grebe is currently listed as Least Concern, it faces threats from habitat loss and water pollution. Conservation efforts focus on protecting wetland habitats and maintaining water quality in lakes and reservoirs. Climate change may also affect their distribution and breeding success in the future.
Global Population Estimate
915,000 - 1,400,000 mature individuals [2]
Global Population Trend
Trend data may be uncertain or fluctuating
Crested Grebe
Main predators include large birds of prey, such as eagles and large gulls, as well as foxes and mink that may raid nests.
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website: BirdLife International. 2019. Podiceps cristatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T22696602A154250080.
View sourcereport, 2015: Wetlands International