Species Profile
Blackcap
Sylvia atricapilla
Quick Facts
Conservation
LCLeast ConcernAlso known as: Eurasian Blackcap, Northern Nightingale
Gallery
Appearance
The Blackcap is a small, sleek warbler with a distinctive appearance. Males have a neat black cap on top of their grey head and neck, contrasting with olive-brown upperparts and pale grey underparts. Their wings are darker grey-brown.
Females are different to males, with a rusty-brown cap, while juveniles lack the cap entirely, showing an overall greyish-brown plumage. Both sexes have a slender black bill and grey legs.
Identification & Characteristics
Male Colors
- Primary
- Grey
- Secondary
- Black
- Beak
- Black
- Legs
- Grey
Female Colors
- Primary
- Grey
- Secondary
- Buff
- Beak
- Black
- Legs
- Grey
Female Markings
Rusty-brown cap
Attributes
Understanding Attributes
Rated 0–100 based on research and observation. A score of 50 is average across all bird species. These attributes are relative and don't necessarily indicate superiority.
Habitat & Distribution
Blackcaps thrive in various wooded habitats, from deciduous and mixed forests to parks and gardens with dense undergrowth. They are widespread across Europe and extend into western Asia and northern Africa.
While traditionally migratory, with most birds wintering in southern Europe and Africa, an increasing number now overwinter in the UK and other parts of northern Europe, especially in urban areas with reliable food sources.
Where and when to see it
How often the Blackcap turns up in the UK and Ireland through the year, from birdwatchers' records.
United Kingdom
Summer visitor · all year · most records in May
Ireland
Summer visitor · all year · most records in May
Show as a table
| Month | United Kingdom | Ireland |
|---|---|---|
| January | 0.15% (regular) | 0.37% (regular) |
| February | 0.16% (regular) | 0.29% (regular) |
| March | 0.35% (regular) | 0.40% (regular) |
| April | 1.7% (regular) | 1.3% (regular) |
| May | 1.8% (regular) | 1.4% (regular) |
| June | 1.6% (regular) | 1.2% (regular) |
| July | 1.1% (regular) | 0.55% (regular) |
| August | 0.73% (regular) | 0.22% (regular) |
| September | 0.64% (regular) | 0.20% (regular) |
| October | 0.35% (regular) | 0.17% (regular) |
| November | 0.093% (regular) | 0.12% (regular) |
| December | 0.14% (regular) | 0.33% (regular) |
Recorded regularly in
Worldwide: recorded regularly in 87 countries
Countries where it was recorded in at least 3 of the 6 years 2019–2024. Linked countries have their own bird list.
Europe (50)
- Åland Islands
- Albania
- Andorra
- Austria
- Belarus
- Belgium
- Bosnia & Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Czechia
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Faroe Islands
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Gibraltar
- Greece
- Guernsey
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Ireland
- Isle of Man
- Italy
- Jersey
- Kosovo
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Moldova
- Monaco
- Montenegro
- Netherlands
- North Macedonia
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Russia
- San Marino
- Serbia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom
Africa (19)
Asia (18)
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Cyprus
- Georgia
- Iran
- Iraq
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Oman
- Palestinian Territories
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Turkey
- United Arab Emirates
Data: EOD – eBird Observation Dataset (Cornell Lab of Ornithology), accessed via GBIF.org, CC BY 4.0. Records from 2019–2024, aggregated and filtered by Birdfact. How these lists are made
Diet
Behaviour
Blackcaps are known for their agile movements, often seen flitting through foliage in search of insects. They exhibit a unique 'hovering' behaviour while foraging, momentarily suspending themselves to pluck berries or insects from leaves.
During the breeding season, males become fiercely territorial, engaging in vocal battles to defend their nesting areas.
Calls & Sounds
- Song0:00 / 0:39
Recorded in Thurrock, England · June 2024
- Call0:00 / 0:37
Recorded in Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic · June 2024
Nesting & Breeding
Blackcap breeding season typically begins in late April or early May. Males establish territories and attract females with melodious songs, often engaging in elaborate courtship displays.
Nests are built low in shrubs or small trees, usually by the female. The nest is a neat cup made of grass, roots, and hair. Females lay 4-6 eggs, pale in colour with brown speckles.
Both parents share incubation duties for about 11-12 days. Nestlings fledge after another 11-12 days, but parents feed them for several weeks after leaving the nest.
Conservation
Birdwatching Tips
- Listen for their rich, flute-like song, especially in spring and early summer
- Look for movement in the middle and upper layers of woodland or garden trees
- Observe bird tables in UK gardens during winter, where some Blackcaps now overwinter
- Pay attention to the distinctive cap colour to differentiate males from females
Did You Know?
- Blackcaps can remember the locations of feeders for years, returning to the same gardens each winter.
- They are among the few birds that have changed their migratory patterns due to human activities and climate change.
- Male Blackcaps can learn to mimic the songs of other bird species, incorporating them into their repertoire.
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