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Great Spotted Woodpecker

Least Concern

Dendrocopos major

With its striking black-and-white plumage and bright red patches, this master drummer is a forest favourite worldwide.

Visual Identification

Appearance

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is a striking bird with bold black and white plumage. It has a distinctive black back with large white shoulder patches, white cheeks, and a white belly. The undertail coverts are bright red. Each wing has a prominent white bar and several white spots.

Males have a red patch on the nape, which females lack. Juveniles can be identified by a red crown, which is absent in adults. The bird's strong, chisel-like bill is perfectly adapted for drumming and foraging on trees.

Size

Length

23cm to 26cm

Wingspan

38cm to 44cm

Weight

70g to 98g

Colours

Males and females have similar plumage

Primary Colour

Black White

Secondary Colour

Red

Beak Colour

Grey

Leg Colour

Grey

Habitat and Distribution

Habitats

Woodland

The Great Spotted Woodpecker can be found in Woodland habitats.

Garden

The Great Spotted Woodpecker can be found in Garden habitats.

Wetland

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Wetland habitats.

Coastal

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Coastal habitats.

Urban

The Great Spotted Woodpecker can be found in Urban habitats.

Farmland

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Farmland habitats.

Grassland

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Grassland habitats.

Desert

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Desert habitats.

Tundra

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Tundra habitats.

Rainforest

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Rainforest habitats.

Mountain

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Mountain habitats.

Savanna

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is not typically found in Savanna habitats.

Distribution

Great Spotted Woodpeckers are widely distributed across Europe and parts of Asia. They inhabit deciduous and mixed woodlands, parks, and large gardens. In the UK, they are resident and can be found throughout England, Wales, and Scotland.

These adaptable birds have also colonised urban areas with sufficient mature trees. Their range has been expanding northwards in recent decades, possibly due to climate change and increased winter feeding by humans.

Elevation Range

Up to 2,500 meters

Climate zones

Temperate, Subarctic

Distribution Map

This map gives you a rough idea of where you might spot a Great Spotted Woodpecker. The coloured areas show countries where these birds have been seen.

A few things to keep in mind:

  • Birds might not be everywhere in the coloured areas, for example, they may be present around the coast of that country
  • Where birds live can change with seasons and available food
  • This map is quite simple - it doesn't show exact locations

We're working on making our maps even better! Soon, we hope to show you:

  • More detailed maps for bigger countries, including state and region
  • How birds move around during different seasons
© 2025 - Birdfact
Resident
Breeding
Non-breeding
Vagrant

Distribution by Region

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Behaviour and Ecology

Bird Attributes

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Bird Attributes Explained

Our bird attributes system rates various aspects of a bird's capabilities on a scale of 0-100, based on data from field observations, scientific studies, and expert knowledge.

Attribute Categories:
  • Agility: Manoeuvrability, speed, and grace in flight or movement.
  • Strength: Physical power, often correlating with size and hunting abilities.
  • Adaptability: Ability to thrive in various environments or changing conditions.
  • Aggressiveness: Territorial behaviour and assertiveness, particularly during breeding seasons.
  • Endurance: Stamina, often seen in migration patterns or foraging behaviours.

Understanding the Ratings:

  • 0-20: Very Low
  • 21-40: Low
  • 41-60: Average
  • 61-80: High
  • 81-100: Very High

Remember, these attributes are relative to other bird species and don't necessarily indicate superiority.

Tap the icon next to each attribute for more information.

Agility 85

Agility

Reflects the bird's manoeuvrability, speed, and grace in flight or movement.

The Great Spotted Woodpecker demonstrates remarkable agility in its bounding flight pattern and ability to manoeuvre swiftly between trees. Its capacity to drum up to 20 times per second also indicates exceptional dexterity and precision.

Strength 70

Strength

Indicates the bird's physical power, often correlating with size and hunting abilities.

Whilst not exceptionally large, this woodpecker possesses considerable strength for its size. Its ability to excavate nesting holes in wood and extract wood-boring insects suggests robust musculature, particularly in the neck and bill.

Adaptability 80

Adaptability

Represents the bird's ability to thrive in various environments or changing conditions.

The species shows high adaptability, having successfully colonised urban areas and expanded its range northwards. Its varied diet and ability to utilise bird feeders further demonstrate its adaptiveness to changing environments.

Aggressiveness 60

Aggressiveness

Measures the bird's territorial behaviour and assertiveness, particularly during breeding seasons.

Great Spotted Woodpeckers are generally not overly aggressive, but they do exhibit territorial behaviour during breeding season through drumming displays. They may also compete for food sources, particularly at feeders.

Endurance 75

Endurance

Reflects the bird's stamina, often seen in migration patterns or foraging behaviours.

The bird's ability to drum repeatedly and forage extensively indicates good endurance. Its capacity to excavate nesting holes and care for young over an extended period also suggests considerable stamina. However, as a medium-sized bird, its overall endurance may be limited compared to larger species.

Diet

Great Spotted Woodpeckers have a varied diet that includes insects, larvae, and seeds. They are particularly fond of wood-boring beetles and their larvae, which they extract from trees using their strong bills. In winter, they frequently visit bird feeders, preferring peanuts and suet.

Behaviour

Great Spotted Woodpeckers are known for their characteristic drumming on trees, which serves both for foraging and communication. They move in a distinctive bounding flight pattern between trees. These birds are generally solitary but may form loose flocks in winter, often joining mixed-species feeding groups.

Vocalisation

The Great Spotted Woodpecker's call is a sharp, loud 'kik' or 'tchik'. During the breeding season, their distinctive drumming serves as a territorial signal and mating call. This rapid series of pecks lasts about a second and sounds like a short burst of 'drrrrrrr', often amplified by choosing resonant dead branches.

One of their most distinctive sounds is made by tapping on hollow resonant wood rather than calling. Males, and occasionally females, also produce a rapid rolling drumming sound that lasts about two seconds.

Nesting & Breeding

Breeding season for Great Spotted Woodpeckers typically begins in late April or early May. Males attract females through drumming displays and calls.

Both sexes excavate a new nesting hole each year, usually in a tree with soft or decaying wood. The female lays 4-7 glossy white eggs in the bare wood cavity.

Incubation lasts about 12 days, with both parents sharing duties. Nestlings fledge after 20-23 days but may return to the nest for several weeks. Parents continue to feed fledglings for up to 10 days after leaving the nest.

Lifespan

Typical Lifespan Range 10 - 11 years
0
3
7
10
13

years

The Great Spotted Woodpecker typically lives for 10 to 11 years.

Like all birds, lifespan can be affected by factors including predation, habitat quality, disease, and access to food sources.

Conservation and Status

Global Conservation Status

Least Concern [1]

While the Great Spotted Woodpecker is currently listed as Least Concern, it faces localised threats from habitat loss and fragmentation.

In many areas, particularly in the UK and parts of Europe, populations have been increasing, possibly due to adaptation to human-modified habitats and increased availability of bird feeders.

Population Data

Global Population Estimate

73,700,000 - 110,300,000 mature individuals [2]

Global Population Trend

Trend data may be uncertain or fluctuating

Birdwatching Tips

  • Listen for their loud, rhythmic drumming on trees
  • Look for their undulating flight pattern between trees
  • Check bird feeders, especially those with peanuts or suet
  • In the UK, visit deciduous or mixed woodlands year-round

Additional Information

Quick Facts

Other names:

Greater Spotted Woodpecker

Family:

Picidae

Predators

Main predators include sparrowhawks, goshawks, and domestic cats. Squirrels and woodpeckers may prey on eggs and nestlings.

Did You Know?

  1. Great Spotted Woodpeckers have shock-absorbing tissue between their bills and skulls to prevent brain damage from repeated pecking.
  2. They can drum up to 20 times per second.
  3. In some areas, they've learned to punch holes in milk bottle tops to drink the cream.

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References

  1. 1 2

    website: BirdLife International. 2016. Dendrocopos major. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22681124A87323054.

    View source
  2. 3

    report, 2015: EBCC