Species Profile
Blue Tit
Cyanistes caeruleus
Quick Facts
Conservation
LCLeast ConcernAlso known as: Eurasian Blue Tit
Gallery
Appearance
The Blue Tit is a strikingly colourful small bird, easily recognised by its bright blue crown, wings, and tail, contrasting with a yellow underside. Its face is white with a black eye stripe, with a greenish back and blue-grey legs.
Adult females are very similar to males, with overall slightly less blue colouration and more grey to the upperparts. Juveniles are not dissimilar but have a greenish cap with greyish drab yellow underparts.
Identification & Characteristics
Colors
- Primary
- Blue
- Secondary
- Yellow
- Beak
- Black
- Legs
- Blue-grey
Attributes
Understanding Attributes
Rated 0–100 based on research and observation. A score of 50 is average across all bird species. These attributes are relative and don't necessarily indicate superiority.
Habitat & Distribution
Blue Tits are widely distributed across Europe, from the British Isles to western Russia and from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean. They inhabit deciduous and mixed woodlands, parks, and gardens, preferring oak trees.
In the UK, Blue Tits are year-round residents, found in almost every garden and woodland. Their adaptability has led to a stable population across their range, with some northward expansion noted in recent years.
Where and when to see it
How often the Blue Tit turns up in the UK and Ireland through the year, from birdwatchers' records.
United Kingdom
Resident · all year · most records in February
Ireland
Resident · all year · most records in April
Show as a table
| Month | United Kingdom | Ireland |
|---|---|---|
| January | 3.0% (regular) | 2.2% (regular) |
| February | 3.1% (regular) | 2.2% (regular) |
| March | 2.9% (regular) | 2.3% (regular) |
| April | 2.6% (regular) | 2.4% (regular) |
| May | 2.1% (regular) | 1.9% (regular) |
| June | 2.1% (regular) | 1.8% (regular) |
| July | 2.0% (regular) | 1.4% (regular) |
| August | 2.2% (regular) | 1.3% (regular) |
| September | 2.3% (regular) | 1.5% (regular) |
| October | 2.3% (regular) | 1.7% (regular) |
| November | 2.6% (regular) | 2.0% (regular) |
| December | 3.0% (regular) | 2.3% (regular) |
Recorded regularly in
Worldwide: recorded regularly in 57 countries
Countries where it was recorded in at least 3 of the 6 years 2019–2024. Linked countries have their own bird list.
Europe (48)
- Åland Islands
- Albania
- Andorra
- Austria
- Belarus
- Belgium
- Bosnia & Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Czechia
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Gibraltar
- Greece
- Guernsey
- Hungary
- Ireland
- Isle of Man
- Italy
- Jersey
- Kosovo
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Moldova
- Monaco
- Montenegro
- Netherlands
- North Macedonia
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Russia
- San Marino
- Serbia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom
- Vatican City
Asia (9)
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Georgia
- Iran
- Iraq
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Lebanon
- Turkey
Data: EOD – eBird Observation Dataset (Cornell Lab of Ornithology), accessed via GBIF.org, CC BY 4.0. Records from 2019–2024, aggregated and filtered by Birdfact. How these lists are made
Diet
Blue Tits are primarily insectivorous, feeding on caterpillars, spiders, and small insects. They supplement their diet with seeds and nuts, especially in winter.
Their ability to hang upside down allows them to access food sources on the undersides of leaves and branches, giving them a competitive edge.
Behaviour
Blue Tits are known for their acrobatic prowess, often seen hanging upside down from branches while foraging. They are highly social, forming mixed-species flocks outside the breeding season.
These birds are also remarkably bold, frequently visiting garden feeders and showing curiosity towards humans.
Calls & Sounds
Blue Tits have a varied vocal repertoire. Their most recognisable call is a high-pitched, repetitive 'tsee-tsee-tsee'.
During the breeding season, males sing a trilling song that sounds like 'si-si-si-sitchu'. They also produce a scolding 'chur-chur-chur' when alarmed.
- Song0:00 / 0:53
Recorded in London, United Kingdom · April 2013
- Call0:00 / 0:16
Recorded in Normandie, France · July 2024
Nesting & Breeding
Blue Tits typically form monogamous pairs during the breeding season, which starts in late March or early April. Males perform courtship displays, including vibrating their wings and bringing food to potential mates.
Nests are built in tree cavities, nest boxes, or even unusual places like letter boxes. The female constructs the nest using moss, grass, and feathers. She lays 7-13 white eggs with reddish-brown speckles.
Incubation lasts about 14 days, performed solely by the female. Both parents feed the chicks, which fledge after 18-21 days. Blue Tits often raise a single brood per year but may attempt a second in favourable conditions.
Conservation
While Blue Tits are currently listed as Least Concern, they face challenges from habitat loss and climate change.
Conservation efforts focus on maintaining suitable nesting habitats and promoting wildlife-friendly gardening practices to support urban populations.
Population
Estimated: 40,000,000 - 88,000,000 mature individuals (Europe population)
Trend: Increasing[2]
Elevation
Up to 3,500 meters
Additional Details
- Predators:
- Main predators include domestic cats, sparrowhawks, and great spotted woodpeckers, which may raid nests for eggs and chicks.
Birdwatching Tips
- Look for Blue Tits in gardens, parks, and deciduous woodlands
- Listen for their distinctive 'tsee-tsee-tsee' call
- Observe feeders, especially those offering sunflower seeds or peanuts
- In the UK, participate in the RSPB's Big Garden Birdwatch to contribute to Blue Tit population monitoring
Did You Know?
- Blue Tits can remember the location of a good food source for several months.
- They have been observed using tools, pushing sticks to lever out insect prey.
- In the UK, Blue Tits famously learned to open milk bottle tops to drink the cream.
Community Photos
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