Recurvirostra avosetta
A conservation success story reintroduced this elegant wading bird back to our shores after the second World War.
Other names:
Pied Avocet
The Pied Avocet is one of four species of avocets and the only one found in the UK. This slim, wading bird, is predominantly white in colour with black bands on its back and wings coupled with a black cap extending down the back of its neck. The underside of the wings are white. Whilst both males and females are almost identical in markings the black area of the wing tip on the male is larger than that of the female who also has a slightly shorter bill. They have long grey blue legs and most noticeably the long black bill turned upwards at its end. Juveniles have brown tips to their feathers. As the bird wades through shallow water it sweeps its bill from side to side below the surface in order to catch its food.
Avocet in flight
The avocet has a short melodious call similar to “kloop” often repeated in quick succession. When flying in groups the flock will often attack and dive bomb other birds shrieking loudly as they do so.
Avocet calling whilst wading
Michał Jezierski, XC559996. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/559996.
Avocets mainly feed on a diet of small shrimps and other crustaceans, tiny fish and waterborne insects and larvae which they catch as they methodically wade through the water whilst sweeping to and fro with their bills and dislodging food from the muddy bottom.
Avocet looking for food
Within the UK avocets are mainly limited to wetlands along the east coast and south west of England. Those resident within the UK often summer on the east coast but move to spend their winters on the warmer south west coast. Some however, leave our shores for the winter returning to Africa to await the arrival of the British spring. Avocets tend to gather around mud flats and brackish water of coastal lagoons although they may also congregate around lakes and reservoirs.
One of the most obvious ways to positively identify an avocet is by watching it feed. Not only is the movement of scything the water with its long and thin black bill a typical trait unique to the avocet but it also adopts a forwards leaning stance as it does so. In flight the bold black and white markings of its back and wings are easy to observe.
Avocets nest on the ground, often in widely spread colonies and mainly on mounds of grass, dry mud or low scrapes which are lined with dry grass or shoreline debris. They produce one brood of 3 or 4 eggs annually between April and July. The eggs are a light buff in colour with dark brown or black markings.
Juvenile Avocet
Avocets were reintroduced into the UK after the second world war (having completely disappeared from Great Britain for over 100 years) following the deliberate flooding of marsh areas around East Anglia which was returned to salt marsh during the war to deter possible German landings. These areas were ideally suited to avocets.
The lifespan of the pied avocet is 10 years. The British Trust for Ornithology cite one avocet on record as living to the ripe old age of 23 years and 9 months.
Resident
Spain The United Kingdom Italy France Albania Belgium Bulgaria Denmark Germany Greece Macedonia Netherlands Portugal Slovenia Turkey Ukraine Tunisia Iran Iraq Syria Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Armenia Azerbaijan