Recurvirostra avosetta
Avocet
The Avocet is a striking wader, characterised by its long, slender legs and uniquely upturned bill. Its plumage is predominantly white, with bold black markings on the head, back, and wings, creating a striking contrast. The long, thin neck and compact body contribute to its elegant silhouette.
Whilst males and females are almost identical in markings, the black area of the wing tip on the male is larger than that of the female, who also has a slightly shorter bill. There are no significant seasonal changes.
Juveniles resemble adults but have a duller, brownish-black colouration, whereas adults are black, and their bills are shorter and less curved.
Length
42cm to 45cm
Wingspan
77cm to 80cm
Weight
240g to 340g
Males and females have similar plumage
Primary Colour
White Black
Beak Colour
Black
Leg Colour
Blue
Woodland
Garden
Wetland
Coastal
Urban
Farmland
Grassland
Desert
Tundra
Rainforest
Mountain
Savanna
Avocets inhabit shallow, brackish wetlands, including coastal lagoons, estuaries, and inland lakes. They prefer areas with exposed mudflats for feeding and nesting. Their range extends across Europe, Central Asia, and parts of Africa.
In the UK, Avocets are found primarily in eastern and southern England during the breeding season. Some populations in southern Europe are resident, while others migrate to Africa for the winter. They have also been successfully reintroduced to parts of the Netherlands and Germany.
Up to 3,000 meters
Temperate, Subtropical
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Avocets mainly feed on aquatic invertebrates, including small crustaceans, insects, and worms.
Their uniquely shaped bill is perfectly adapted for sweeping through shallow water and mud, allowing them to capture prey by touch. This specialised feeding technique enables them to forage efficiently in turbid waters.
Avocets are known for their distinctive feeding technique: They sweep their upturned bills from side to side in shallow water to catch small invertebrates.
They are social birds, often seen in small flocks, and engage in synchronised swimming during courtship displays. During the breeding season, Avocets become fiercely territorial, aggressively defending their nesting areas from intruders.
Avocets have a distinctive, high-pitched call often described as a clear, ringing 'kluit' or 'kluit-kluit'. This vocalisation is frequently heard during the breeding season, especially when defending territory or communicating with their mate.
They also produce softer, chattering sounds when in flocks.
Avocets typically form monogamous pairs each breeding season, which usually begins in April or May. Courtship involves elaborate displays, including synchronised swimming and aerial manoeuvres.
Nests are simple scrapes on the ground, often on islands or shorelines, lined with nearby vegetation. Females lay 3-4 olive-brown eggs with dark spots. Both parents take turns incubating the eggs.
Incubation lasts about 23-25 days. Chicks are precocial and able to leave the nest within hours of hatching. They fledge after 35-42 days but remain dependent on their parents for several more weeks.
The Avocet typically lives for 10 years, with a maximum recorded lifespan of 27.8 years.
Like all birds, lifespan can be affected by factors including predation, habitat quality, disease, and access to food sources.
While currently listed as Least Concern globally, Avocets have faced historical declines due to habitat loss. They've become a conservation success story in the UK, rebounding from near extinction in the 1940s.
Ongoing wetland protection and management are crucial for their continued success.
Global Population Estimate
280,000 - 470,000 mature individuals [3]
Global Population Trend
Trend data may be uncertain or fluctuating
Pied Avocet
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website: BirdLife International. 2021. Recurvirostra avosetta. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T22693712A177125045.
View sourcereport, 2015: Wetlands International
website, 2010: Fransson et al., EURING list of longevity records for European birds
View source