Crested Myna
Least ConcernAcridotheres cristatellus
Visual Identification
Appearance
The Crested Myna is a striking bird with glossy black plumage covering most of its body. Its most distinctive feature is a prominent crest of feathers on its forehead, giving it a mohawk-like appearance. The bird has a bright yellow beak and legs, contrasting sharply with its dark body.
White patches on the wings become visible during flight, and a small white patch can be seen at the base of the tail. Both males and females look similar, although males tend to be larger, and females have less pronounced crests. Juveniles appear duller and also have a less pronounced crest.
Size
Length
24cm to 27cm
Wingspan
42cm to 48cm
Weight
110g to 140g
Colours
Males and females have similar plumage
Primary Colour
Black
Secondary Colour
White
Beak Colour
Yellow
Leg Colour
Yellow
Habitat and Distribution
Habitats
Woodland
Garden
Wetland
Coastal
Urban
Farmland
Grassland
Desert
Tundra
Rainforest
Mountain
Savanna
Distribution
Native to parts of Southeast Asia, including southern China, Taiwan, and northern Vietnam, the Crested Myna inhabits a range of environments. They are commonly found in open woodlands, cultivated areas, and urban settings, showing a remarkable ability to adapt to human-modified landscapes.
While primarily resident in their native range, Crested Mynas have been introduced to various locations worldwide, including parts of North America (now thought to be extinct), Japan, and some Pacific islands. In these areas, they have established breeding populations, often in urban and suburban environments.
Elevation Range
Up to 2,200 meters
Climate zones
Subtropical, Temperate
Distribution Map
This map gives you a rough idea of where you might spot a Crested Myna. The coloured areas show countries where these birds have been seen.
A few things to keep in mind:
- Birds might not be everywhere in the coloured areas, for example, they may be present around the coast of that country
- Where birds live can change with seasons and available food
- This map is quite simple - it doesn't show exact locations
We're working on making our maps even better! Soon, we hope to show you:
- More detailed maps for bigger countries, including state and region
- How birds move around during different seasons
Distribution by Region
Behaviour and Ecology
Bird Attributes
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Share your thoughtsBird Attributes Explained
Our bird attributes system rates various aspects of a bird's capabilities on a scale of 0-100, based on data from field observations, scientific studies, and expert knowledge.
Attribute Categories:
- Agility: Manoeuvrability, speed, and grace in flight or movement.
- Strength: Physical power, often correlating with size and hunting abilities.
- Adaptability: Ability to thrive in various environments or changing conditions.
- Aggressiveness: Territorial behaviour and assertiveness, particularly during breeding seasons.
- Endurance: Stamina, often seen in migration patterns or foraging behaviours.
Understanding the Ratings:
- 0-20: Very Low
- 21-40: Low
- 41-60: Average
- 61-80: High
- 81-100: Very High
Remember, these attributes are relative to other bird species and don't necessarily indicate superiority.
Hover over the icon next to each attribute for more information.
Tap the icon next to each attribute for more information.
Agility
Reflects the bird's manoeuvrability, speed, and grace in flight or movement.
The Crested Myna demonstrates considerable agility through its varied foraging behaviours, from ground feeding to arboreal manoeuvring. Their ability to navigate both urban environments and natural habitats, coupled with their skilled flight capabilities and distinctive wing patches, suggests above-average agility for a bird of their size.
Strength
Indicates the bird's physical power, often correlating with size and hunting abilities.
Whilst not particularly powerful for their size, these medium-sized birds possess adequate strength for their lifestyle. Their weight range of 110-140g and wingspan of 42-48cm indicates moderate strength, sufficient for their omnivorous foraging habits and tool manipulation.
Adaptability
Represents the bird's ability to thrive in various environments or changing conditions.
Exceptionally adaptable birds, thriving across urban, farmland and woodland environments. Their omnivorous diet, tool use capabilities, and successful colonisation of introduced territories demonstrate remarkable adaptability. Their ability to utilise various nesting sites and food sources further supports their highly adaptive nature.
Aggressiveness
Measures the bird's territorial behaviour and assertiveness, particularly during breeding seasons.
Moderately aggressive when necessary, particularly during breeding season and territory defence. Whilst generally social and peaceful within their species, their successful establishment in new territories and ability to compete with native species suggests a reasonable level of assertiveness.
Endurance
Reflects the bird's stamina, often seen in migration patterns or foraging behaviours.
Strong endurance evidenced by their ability to maintain active foraging throughout the day and their success as resident (non-migratory) birds across various climates. Their stable populations across different elevations (up to 2,200m) and ability to thrive in diverse conditions indicates robust endurance.
Diet
Crested Mynas are omnivorous, with a diet consisting of insects, fruits, and seeds. They are opportunistic feeders, often seen foraging on the ground for invertebrates or picking fruits from trees.
In urban areas, they may also scavenge for human food scraps, demonstrating their adaptability to various food sources.
Behaviour
Crested Mynas are highly social birds, often seen in pairs or small flocks. They have a confident, upright posture when walking on the ground, frequently bobbing their heads.
These birds are known for their adaptability. They thrive in urban environments, foraging for food in parks, gardens, and even near human habitations.
Vocalisation
Crested Mynas are known for their varied and complex vocalisations. Their repertoire includes whistles, chatters, and warbles, often mimicking other bird species and even human-made sounds.
Their calls can be described as a mix of melodious notes and harsher, more grating sounds, sometimes resembling a 'kree-kree' or 'chee-chee' sound.
Nesting & Breeding
Crested Mynas typically breed between March and August, with some variation depending on location. They form monogamous pairs and often return to the same nesting sites year after year. These birds are cavity nesters, utilising tree holes, building crevices, or nest boxes.
The nest is constructed with a variety of materials, including grass, leaves, and feathers. Females usually lay 4-5 pale blue eggs, which both parents incubate for about 13-14 days. The eggs are oval-shaped and have a smooth, slightly glossy surface.
After hatching, both parents care for the chicks, which fledge after approximately 22-24 days. The young birds may remain with their parents for several weeks after leaving the nest, learning essential foraging skills.
Lifespan
The Crested Myna typically lives for 11 years, with a maximum recorded lifespan of 13 years.
Like all birds, lifespan can be affected by factors including predation, habitat quality, disease, and access to food sources.
Conservation and Status
Global Conservation Status
The Crested Myna is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN due to its large range and stable population.
However, in some areas where it has been introduced, such as Vancouver, Canada, efforts have been made to control its population to protect native bird species. Habitat loss in its native range remains a potential concern.
Birdwatching Tips
- Look for Crested Mynas in urban parks, gardens, and agricultural areas
- Listen for their distinctive calls, which include whistles and chattering sounds
- Observe their behaviour near fruiting trees or in open grassy areas where they forage
- Watch for their characteristic head-bobbing walk on the ground
Additional Information
Quick Facts
Other names:
Chinese Starling
Family:
SturnidaePredators
Main predators of Crested Mynas include birds of prey such as hawks and falcons, as well as domestic and feral cats in urban areas.
Did You Know?
- Crested Mynas are excellent mimics and can imitate a wide range of sounds, including other bird calls and human noises.
- They have been observed using tools, such as twigs, to probe for insects in tree bark.
- In some cultures, Crested Mynas are kept as pets due to their intelligence and ability to mimic human speech.
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References
- 2 4
website: BirdLife International. 2024. Acridotheres cristatellus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T22710946A263931625.
View source - 1 3
report, 1998: Feare and Craig