Red-and-yellow Barbet

Least Concern

Trachyphonus erythrocephalus

A flamboyant character of African savannahs, this chunky barbet turns heads with its punk-rocker red crest and bright yellow belly as it hops between acacia trees searching for fruit.

Visual Identification

Appearance

The Red-and-yellow Barbet is a striking bird with a vibrant red head and neck, contrasting with its bright yellow underparts. Its back is mottled black and white, creating a distinctive pattern. Their long, pointed bill is orange or red and is well-suited for its feeding habits.

Males have a black cap and throat, with females showing red-yellow on the crown instead. Juveniles have duller colouration, with less pronounced red on the head and neck, as well as more yellow and brown colouring.

Size

Length

20cm to 23cm

Wingspan

30cm to 35cm

Weight

40g to 75g

Colours

Males and females have similar plumage

Primary Colour

Red Yellow

Secondary Colour

Black White

Beak Colour

Orange Red

Leg Colour

Grey

Habitat and Distribution

Habitats

Woodland

Garden

Wetland

Coastal

Urban

Farmland

Grassland

Desert

Tundra

Rainforest

Mountain

Savanna

Distribution

The Red-and-yellow Barbet is native to East Africa, found in countries such as Kenya, Tanzania, and Ethiopia. It inhabits dry savannahs, open woodlands, and bush country, preferring areas with scattered trees and thorny scrub.

This species is non-migratory, maintaining a year-round presence in its range. It adapts well to modified habitats, including gardens and farmlands with suitable tree cover.

Elevation Range

Up to 2,320 meters

Climate zones

Tropical, Subtropical

Distribution Map

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Resident

Distribution by Region

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Behaviour and Ecology

Bird Attributes

Tap the icon next to each attribute for more information.

Agility 75
Strength 65
Adaptability 80
Aggressiveness 45
Endurance 70

Diet

Red-and-yellow Barbets have a varied diet consisting of fruits, insects, and small vertebrates. They are particularly fond of figs and other soft fruits.

These birds use their strong bills to probe bark for insects and have been observed catching flying termites during their nuptial flights.

Behaviour

Red-and-yellow Barbets are social birds, often seen in small groups or pairs. They have a unique habit of drumming on tree branches with their beaks, creating a resonant sound that serves as a form of communication.

These birds are also known for their acrobatic feeding behaviour, often hanging upside down to reach fruits and insects.

Vocalisation

The Red-and-yellow Barbet has a distinctive call described as a loud, repetitive 'poo-poo-poo' or 'woop-woop-woop'. This vocalisation is often heard in duets between pairs.

Their drumming on branches produces a resonant 'tok-tok-tok' sound, which serves as both a territorial signal and a form of communication.

Nesting & Breeding

Red-and-yellow Barbets form monogamous pairs and breed during the rainy season, which varies across their range. They are cavity nesters, often excavating their nests in dead trees or termite mounds.

The female typically lays 2-6 white eggs in the nest cavity. Both parents share incubation duties, which last about 13-15 days.

After hatching, the chicks remain in the nest for approximately 31 days before fledging. Parents continue to feed and care for the young for several weeks after they leave the nest.

Lifespan

Typical Lifespan Range 3 - years
0
1
1
2
2

years

The Red-and-yellow Barbet typically lives for 3 years.

Like all birds, lifespan can be affected by factors including predation, habitat quality, disease, and access to food sources.

Conservation and Status

Global Conservation Status

Least Concern [1]

While the Red-and-yellow Barbet is currently listed as Least Concern, habitat loss due to agricultural expansion and deforestation poses a potential threat.

Conservation efforts focus on preserving its savanna and woodland habitats across its range in East Africa.

Population Data

Global Population Estimate

Not quantified, but generally common throughout its range [2]

Global Population Trend

Stable[3]

Birdwatching Tips

  • Look for these birds in open woodlands and savannahs with scattered trees.
  • Listen for their distinctive drumming sound on branches.
  • Observe fruiting trees, where they often feed in small groups.
  • Watch for their acrobatic movements as they forage for insects and fruits.

Additional Information

Quick Facts

Family:

Lybiidae

Predators

Main predators of the Red-and-yellow Barbet include birds of prey such as hawks and eagles, as well as snakes that can access their nest cavities.

Did You Know?

  1. Red-and-yellow Barbets sometimes nest in active termite mounds, using the insects' defences as protection for their eggs and chicks.
  2. These birds play a crucial role in seed dispersal, helping to maintain the diversity of their woodland habitats.
  3. Their strong, chisel-like bills allow them to excavate nest cavities in wood that is too hard for many other bird species.

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References

  1. 1 3

    website: BirdLife International. 2024. Trachyphonus erythrocephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T22681889A263599187.

    View source
  2. 2

    report, 2002: del Hoyo et al.