African Pygmy-falcon

The African Pygmy-falcon is a tiny raptor, measuring just 19-20 cm long. Males are predominantly pale grey on the head and back, with white underparts and a distinctive black 'mask' around the eyes. The wings are grey with black primary feathers, creating a striking contrast in flight.

Females are different to males, with brown backs and wings instead of grey. Both sexes have bright yellow legs and feet and a small, sharp, grey beak. Juveniles resemble females but may have a more mottled appearance on their backs.

The African Pygmy-falcon's call is a high-pitched, rapid series of 'kik-kik-kik' or 'kyu-kyu-kyu' notes.

During courtship or territorial displays, they may produce a more prolonged, trilling 'krrrrrrr' sound. Their vocalisations, while not loud, are distinctive in their arid habitats.

• Look for them perched on top of large, sociable weaver nests
• Scan acacia trees and termite mounds in open savanna habitats
• Listen for their high-pitched, repeated 'kik-kik-kik' calls
• Observe early morning or late afternoon when they are most active

African Pygmy-falcons primarily feed on insects, particularly locusts, grasshoppers, and beetles. They also prey on small lizards, rodents, and occasionally small birds.

Their hunting strategy involves swift aerial pursuits or dropping onto unsuspecting prey from elevated perches.

African Pygmy-falcons have a unique breeding strategy. They typically nest within the massive communal nests of sociable weavers. The breeding season varies geographically but often coincides with the end of the dry season or the beginning of rains.

They do not build their own nests but instead occupy a chamber within the weaver's nest structure. Females lay 2-4 white eggs, which both parents incubate for about 28-30 days.

Chicks fledge after approximately 27-30 days but may remain with their parents for several weeks after leaving the nest. This association with weaver colonies provides protection and a stable nesting environment.

African Pygmy-falcons are often seen perched conspicuously on treetops or termite mounds, scanning for prey. They hunt with swift, direct flights, catching insects in mid-air or pouncing on small vertebrates on the ground.

These falcons are typically found in pairs or small family groups, exhibiting strong pair bonds.

While the African Pygmy-falcon is currently listed as Least Concern, habitat loss and degradation pose potential threats.

Conservation efforts focus on preserving their savanna and desert habitats, particularly areas with large, sociable weaver colonies, which are crucial for their nesting.