Lavender Waxbill
Glaucestrilda coerulescens
Visual Identification
Appearance
The Lavender Waxbill is a tiny, slender finch with a distinctive lavender-grey plumage that covers most of its body. Its face, throat, and upper breast are washed with a soft blue tint, while the top of the tail and undertail coverts are red.
Both sexes look mostly similar, with a small, bright, pinkish-grey beak, a small black stripe across the eyes and black legs. Females usually have darker underparts, although its hard to tell the sexes apart.
Juveniles have paler plumage, no black eyestripe and less red colouring on the undertail coverts and tail.
Size
Length
9cm to 10cm
Wingspan
12cm to 14cm
Weight
8g to 15g
Colours
Males and females have similar plumage
Primary Colour
Grey Red
Secondary Colour
Purple
Beak Colour
Pink Grey
Leg Colour
Black
Habitat and Distribution
Habitats
Woodland
Garden
Wetland
Coastal
Urban
Farmland
Grassland
Desert
Tundra
Rainforest
Mountain
Savanna
Distribution
Lavender Waxbills are native to sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from Senegal east to Ethiopia and south to northern South Africa. They inhabit open grasslands, savannahs, and woodland edges, often near water sources.
These birds are non-migratory and maintain a relatively stable distribution throughout the year. They have been successfully introduced to Hawaii in the United States.
Elevation Range
Up to 1,500 meters
Climate zones
Tropical, Subtropical
Distribution Map
This map gives you a rough idea of where you might spot a Lavender Waxbill. The coloured areas show countries where these birds have been seen.
A few things to keep in mind:
- Birds might not be everywhere in the coloured areas, for example, they may be present around the coast of that country
- Where birds live can change with seasons and available food
- This map is quite simple - it doesn't show exact locations
We're working on making our maps even better! Soon, we hope to show you:
- More detailed maps for bigger countries, including state and region
- How birds move around during different seasons
Distribution by Region
Behaviour and Ecology
Bird Attributes
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Share your thoughtsBird Attributes Explained
Our bird attributes system rates various aspects of a bird's capabilities on a scale of 0-100, based on data from field observations, scientific studies, and expert knowledge.
Attribute Categories:
- Agility: Manoeuvrability, speed, and grace in flight or movement.
- Strength: Physical power, often correlating with size and hunting abilities.
- Adaptability: Ability to thrive in various environments or changing conditions.
- Aggressiveness: Territorial behaviour and assertiveness, particularly during breeding seasons.
- Endurance: Stamina, often seen in migration patterns or foraging behaviours.
Understanding the Ratings:
- 0-20: Very Low
- 21-40: Low
- 41-60: Average
- 61-80: High
- 81-100: Very High
Remember, these attributes are relative to other bird species and don't necessarily indicate superiority.
Hover over the icon next to each attribute for more information.
Tap the icon next to each attribute for more information.
Agility
Reflects the bird's manoeuvrability, speed, and grace in flight or movement.
The Lavender Waxbill demonstrates impressive agility through its quick, jerky movements whilst foraging and its ability to navigate grasslands effectively. Their small size and slender build contribute to their nimble nature, particularly evident in their precise movements when feeding on grass seeds.
Strength
Indicates the bird's physical power, often correlating with size and hunting abilities.
As a tiny finch weighing only 8-15 grams, the Lavender Waxbill possesses limited physical strength. Their primary activities involve seed-eating and light construction of grass nests, neither of which requires substantial muscular power.
Adaptability
Represents the bird's ability to thrive in various environments or changing conditions.
These birds show strong adaptability through their successful colonisation of various habitats up to 1,500 metres elevation, ability to forage in mixed-species flocks, and capacity to thrive in different grassland and savanna environments. Their heat-regulating bill mechanism also demonstrates good physiological adaptation.
Aggressiveness
Measures the bird's territorial behaviour and assertiveness, particularly during breeding seasons.
Lavender Waxbills are notably social and peaceful birds, typically living harmoniously in small flocks. They show little territorial aggression beyond normal courtship behaviour and exhibit no documented aggressive tendencies towards other species.
Endurance
Reflects the bird's stamina, often seen in migration patterns or foraging behaviours.
Whilst not long-distance migrants, these birds maintain active daily routines of foraging and social interactions. Their ability to survive in warm climates and forage continuously demonstrates decent endurance, though their small size naturally limits their overall stamina.
Diet
Lavender Waxbills primarily feed on small grass seeds, which they gather from the ground or directly from seed heads.
They supplement their diet with insects, especially during the breeding season when protein-rich food is essential for chick development. They often forage in mixed-species flocks.
Behaviour
Lavender Waxbills are highly social birds, often seen in small flocks of 10-20 individuals, sometimes with other finches. They forage on the ground, moving with quick, jerky movements as they search for seeds.
During courtship, males perform a bouncing dance, holding a piece of grass in their beak while singing to attract females.
Vocalisation
The Lavender Waxbill has a high-pitched, thin voice. Their most common call is a soft, sweet 'tseee-tseee' or 'tsit-tsit'.
During courtship, males produce a more complex song, a series of rapid, tinkling notes that sound like 'tsee-tsee-tsee-tseewee-tseewee', often accompanied by their bouncing dance.
Nesting & Breeding
Breeding occurs during the rainy season, which varies across their range (August to September in Senegal and Gambia, October to November in Nigeria). Lavender Waxbills form monogamous pairs and engage in mutual preening and courtship feeding before mating.
The nest is a large, domed structure made of fine grasses with a side entrance. It's typically built in low bushes or tall grass, often near the ground. The female lays 4-6 small white eggs.
Both parents share incubation duties for about 11-12 days. The chicks fledge after approximately 17-21 days but continue to be fed by their parents for several weeks after leaving the nest.
Conservation and Status
Global Conservation Status
While the Lavender Waxbill is currently listed as Least Concern, habitat loss due to agricultural expansion and overgrazing poses a potential threat.
Conservation efforts focus on preserving grassland and savannah habitats, which are crucial for this species and many other African birds.
Birdwatching Tips
- Look for small flocks in grassy areas near water sources
- Listen for their soft, high-pitched 'tseee-tseee' calls
- Observe their distinctive lavender-grey plumage and red beak
- Watch for their characteristic bouncing movements while foraging
Additional Information
Quick Facts
Other names:
Lavender Finch, Red-tailed Waxbill, Estrilda coerulescens
Family:
EstrildidaeAverage Lifespan
5 to 7 years
Predators
Main predators include small raptors such as sparrowhawks, shrikes, and snakes. Domestic cats can also be a threat in areas close to human habitation.
Did You Know?
- Lavender Waxbills often incorporate spider webs into their nests, which may help bind the structure together.
- They have special heat-dissipating blood vessels in their bills to help regulate body temperature.
References
- 1 3
website: BirdLife International. 2018. Estrilda coerulescens. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22719518A131994177.
View source - 2
report, 2004: Fry and Keith
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